Ignition Insights
When Does Desalination Work — Membrane Fouling, Brine Concentrate and Energy Recovery — Become R&D Rather Than Plant Engineering?
RO fouling indices that miss the mechanism, brine limits and energy recovery at part load: where desalination may cross into core R&D.
When Does Intensifying a Wastewater Plant for Nutrient Removal Become R&D Rather Than Commissioning?
Cold-weather nitrification, load swings and sidestream retrofits: when a wastewater plant trial may be a core R&D activity in Australia — and when not.
Anaerobic Digestion, Biosolids and Landfill Gas: Where Does the R&D Actually Sit?
Co-digestion, biosolids grades and landfill gas: where resource-recovery engineering may cross into core R&D activities in Australia.
When Does Selecting a PFAS Treatment Train Become R&D Rather Than Applying a Known Solution?
Foam fractionation, sorption and destruction on a real PFAS site matrix: where treatment-train selection may cross into core R&D in Australia.
Contaminated Land: When Is an In-Situ Remediation Trial an Eligible R&D Activity?
When is an in-situ remediation pilot a core R&D activity? Reagent delivery, radius of influence and rebound on Australian contaminated land sites.
Vapour Intrusion and Soil Gas: When Does Sparse Monitoring Become an R&D Activity?
Applying NEPM screening levels to soil gas data is ordinary work. Core R&D may sit where no method is known to infer sub-slab vapour from sparse wells.
When Does Air Dispersion and Odour Modelling Become R&D Rather Than a Standard Impact Assessment?
Emission inventories, odour peak-to-mean ratios and source apportionment: where air dispersion work may cross into core R&D in Australia.
When Does Scaling a Process From the Laboratory to the Production Line Become an Eligible R&D Activity?
Variable feedstock, viscous dissipation and residence time: when establishing a production process window may cross into core R&D in Australia.
Where Does R&D Sit in a Managed Aquifer Recharge and Stormwater Treatment Train?
Pathogen log credits, aquifer clogging and recovery efficiency in Adelaide MAR schemes: where treatment-train work may cross into core R&D in Australia.